1.Polyester fiber
Polyester fiber is polyester, belongs to the modified polyester, belongs to the treated variety (modified by friends remind) it improves the polyester water content is low, poor permeability, poor dyeing, easy pilling, easy to stain and other shortcomings. It is based on refined terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG) as raw materials through esterification or transesterification and condensation reaction to prepare the forming polymer - polyethylene terephthalate (PET), spun and post-treatment made of fiber.
Advantages: bright luster, with flash effect, feel smooth, flat, good elasticity; Anti-wrinkle ironing, good light resistance; Hold the silk tightly by hand and loosen without obvious crease.
Disadvantages: luster is not soft enough, poor permeability, difficult dyeing, poor melting resistance, easy to form holes in the face of soot, Mars and so on.
The discovery of polyester
Polyester, invented in 1942 by J.R. Whitfield and J.T. Dixon, was inspired by the research of W. H. Carothers, the American scientist who discovered nylon! When it is used as a fiber, it is also called polyester, and if it is used in, for example, plastic beverage bottles, it is called PET.
Process: The manufacture of polyester fibers usually involves the following steps
(1) Polymerization: terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol (usually ethylene glycol) are polymerized to form a polyester polymer;
(2) Spinning: by melting the polymer and passing through the spinning pore plate to form a continuous fiber;
(3) Curing and stretching: the fibers are cooled and cured and stretched on a stretcher to enhance strength and durability;
(4) Forming and post-treatment: fibers can be formed through various ways such as textile, weaving, sewing, and post-treatment, such as dyeing, printing and finishing
Polyester is the simplest of the three synthetic fibers, and the price is relatively cheap. It is a kind of chemical fiber clothing fabric used in daily life. Its biggest advantage is that it has good wrinkle resistance and shape retention, so it is suitable for outdoor supplies such as outerwear, all kinds of bags and tents.
Advantages: high strength, strong elasticity close to wool; Heat resistance, light resistance, good wear resistance and good chemical resistance;
Disadvantages: poor staining, poor melt resistance, poor moisture absorption and easy to pilling, easy to stain.
2.Cotton
It refers to the fabric produced from cotton as raw material. In general, cotton fabrics have better moisture absorption and heat resistance and are comfortable to wear. Some of the clothing industry with high moisture absorption requirements can choose pure cotton fabrics for processing. For example, school uniforms in summer.
Advantages: cotton fiber moisture absorption is better, elasticity is also relatively high, heat and alkali resistance, health;
Disadvantages: easy to wrinkle, easy to shrink, easy to deformation, easy to stick hair is especially afraid of acid, when concentrated sulfuric acid stained cotton, cotton is burned into holes.
3.Nylon
nylon is the Chinese name of synthetic fiber nylon, the translation name is also called "nylon", "nylon", the scientific name is polyamide fibre, that is, polyamide fiber. Because Jinzhou chemical fiber factory is the first synthetic polyamide fibre factory in our country, it is named "nylon". It is the world's earliest synthetic fiber variety, because of its excellent performance, rich raw material resources, has been widely used.
Advantages: strong, good wear resistance, ranking first among all fibers; The elasticity and resilience of nylon fabric are excellent.
Disadvantages: It is easy to deform under small external force, so its fabric is easy to wrinkle during wearing; Poor ventilation, easy to produce static electricity.
4.Spandex
Spandex is a kind of polyurethane fiber, because of its excellent elasticity, it is also known as elastic fiber, which has been widely used in clothing fabrics and has the characteristics of high elasticity. It is mainly used in the manufacture of tight clothing, sportswear, jockstrap and sole, etc. Its variety according to the needs of use, can be divided into warp elastic fabric, weft elastic fabric and warp and weft two-way elastic fabric.
Advantages: large extension, good shape preservation, and wrinkle-free; Best elasticity, good light resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, wear resistance; It has good dyeing property and should not fade.
Disadvantages: worst strength, poor moisture absorption; Spandex is usually not used alone, but is blended with other fabrics; Poor heat resistance.
Post time: Oct-18-2024
